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BREEGH LOADING GUN.

Patented Mar. 8 12g].

(No Model?) 3 $heets-Sheet J. B. G. A. GANET. BREEGH LOADING GUN.

f Patented Mar. 8, 18%.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J.B.G.A.GANET BREEGH LOADING GUN.

No. 470,284. Patented Mar. 8, 1892.

,ratrns JEAN BAPTISTE GUSTAVE ADOLPHE OANE'T, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOROF ONE-HALF TO THE SIR JOSEPH IVHITIVORTH & COMPANY, LIMITED,

OF OPENSHAW, ENGLAND.

season-immense GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,284, datedmaroh 8,1892. Application filed February 7, 1889. Serial No. 299,037. v (Nomodel.) Patented in France June 4, 1888,No. 180,578.

Improvements in Breech-Loading Guns, (for;

which I have obtained a patent in France, certificate of addition No.180,578, dated J one 4, 1888,) of which the following is aspecification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to quick-firing and other breech-loading guns.

An important feature of my said invention is the provision which I makefor the disengagementand withdrawal of the breech-screw from the breechbya simple rotary movement of the said breech screw in one directionabout its axis and for the insertion of the said breech-screw into thebreech and its engagement therewith by a simple rotary movement of thesaid breech-screw in the reverse direction, these movements of the saidbreech-screw being eifected by means of a hand-lever or other suitabledevice.

My said invention, moreover, comprises other improvements hereinafterdescribed.

'In the accompanying drawings I have shown how my said invention may-beconveniently and advantageously carried into practice.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal central section of the breech end ofa gun, the breechscrew and other parts being shown in side elevationprovided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the saidgun. Fig. 3 is a section on the lineman, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section onthe line w .B', Fig. 2, showing details of construction. Fig. 5 is abroken detail view of parts hereinafter described. A is the breech ofthe gun, and B is the breech-screw, which has its'screw-threadinterrupted in a peculiar manner-that is to say, instead of the saidthread. being interrupted by the cutting away or removal of the 5 metalin straight longitudinal segments, as

hitherto practiced, the said thread is interrupted by the cutting awayof portions there of in the form of helical segments.

B B are the unremoved portions of the screw-thread,and B 13 are thehelical grooves formed by removing the portions of screwthread betweenthe segments B B. In the breech-screw shown in the drawings thescrew-thread is interrupted by four helical grooves B and has thereforefour of the screw-threaded helical segments B. The breech of the gun isprovided with corresponding internal helical screw-threaded segments.Ineeach of two ofthe said helical grooves B which are diametricallyopposite eaohother, is formed a helical groove 0, which extendsrearwardly from a point near the forward end of the breech'screw and hasthe same pitch as the groove B Consequently the sides of the said groove0 are parallel with those of the screw-threaded segments B. The saidgrooves O at their rear .ends merge into circumferential grooves C,

Fig. 1. The said grooves C are slightly helical, their pitch orinclination being the same as that of the threads of the breech-screw.Projecting into the said grooves C C are rollers D, Fig. 2, whichrollers are fitted to totate upon pins or studs B, fixed in the part 1of the breech-screw bracket E, which is hinged or pivoted at E to thebreech-oi the gun. When rotary movement about its axis is imparted tothe breechscrew B in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 1and 2, the first eighth of a turn thereof disengages the screw-threadedsegments B from the corresponding screw-threaded segments in the breechof the gun and thus liberates the said breech-screw. During thismovement of the breech-screw the rollers D traverse the grooves C',andthe only axial movement of the breech during this part of the rotarymovement is that due to the screwing of the breech out of the thread,which motion is permitted by the grooves C, for the reason that the saidgrooves are, as above stated, parallel to the threads Simultaneouslywith the release of the breech-screw by the rotary movement abovereferred'to the rollers D arrive at the junction of the grooves C withthe grooves C, and if the rotary motion is now continued beyond thepoint where the threads are unlocked the said rollersD enter the helicalgrooves O and axial or endwise movement is imparted to the breechzooscrew, so that it is withdrawnfrom the breech- The breech-screw is thensupported in the bracket E'and can be swung or turned therewith aboutthe hinge or pivot E to completely open the breech and permit theintroduction of achargeinto the chamber of the gun. The breech is closedby first swinging back the said bracket and breech-screw and thenturning the breech-screw about its axis in the reverse direction to thatindicated by the arrows in Figs. 1 and 2.

F is a hand-lever for rotating the breechs crew. This lever is pivotedat F to the rear end of the said breech-screw, and upon its pivot-pin orfulcrum-pin is mounted a cam G, which turns with the said lever andwhich, when the breech is completely closed, is opposite a notch E Fig.3, in the part E of the bracket E. The said lever is turnedabout itspivot or fulcrum through an angle of about one hundred and fifty degreesfrom the position shown in Fig. 3 before using it to operate thebreech-screw.

. H, Fig. 3, is a bar, which is arranged to slide in a groove in therear end of the breechscrew and is provided with rack-teeth I.

' J is the firing-hammer, which is pivoted at J to brackets carried bythe breecli-screw-and is provided with a toothed segment J which isgeared with the rack-teeth I.

4 K is a spring, which is inclosed in a case composed of two parts K Kthe part K of which is formed on or attached to the rear end of thebreech-screw and the part K of which is formed on or attached to the barII and is arranged to slide upon the part K of the said case. The springK actsupon or bears against one end of the said bar-II, and is designedto efiect the return movement of this bar after it has been operated tocock the firing-ham mer, as hereinafter described. The other end of thesaid bar II is arranged to be acted upon by the cam G, as and for thepurpose hereinafter described.

L is an extractor, which is pivoted at L to thebreech-screw and isprovided with a projection L extending into a groove H in the bar II.

M is the trigger, (shown. clearly in Fig. 5,) which is pivoted at M to abracket M attached to the breech-screw, and is adapted to enter a notchM in the bar II, so that it also serves as a searifor retaining the saidbar in the cocked position. The firing-cord is attached to an eyebolt Mwhich is fixed in the trigger M and extends through a slot in thebracket M To prevent movement of the hand-lever F about its pivot orfulcrum, except when the breech-screw is screwed home in the breech, thesaid hand-lever is provided with a projection N, Fig. 4, which, when thelever is in position for turning the breech-screw, as indicated in fulllines in the said Fig. 4, engages a spring pawl or catch 0, pivoted at 0to the breech-screw and is locked thereby. In the closing of the breechimmediately before the breech-screw is completely engaged withthescrew-thread in the breech an inclined surface P, Fig 2,0n the part E ofthe bracket E pushes inward the pawl or catch 0, as shown in dottedlines in Fig. 4, and releases the hand-lever, so that the said lever maybe turned back into the position shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. then thebreech-screw has ust commenced to turn about its axis to open thebreech, the pawl or catch 0 arrives opposite one of the hollowed-outportions E, Fig. 2, of the part E of the bracket E, which hollowedoutparts are provided to allow the screwthreads of the breech-screw toslide through the said part E, and' the said pawl or catch isthen forcedout by the spring 0 and caused to engage with the said projection N inthe hand-lever F, and thus prevent the falling or lowering of the saidlever. When the handleverF is turned about its pivot F preparatory torotating the breech-screw, the cam G (see Fig. 3) acts upon the end ofthe bar H and moves the said bar, thus cooking the hammer J by means ofthe rack-teeth I, and at the same time a shoulder H on the said barcomes into contact with the projection L of the extractor L and turnsthe said extractor about its pivot L, thus extracting and ejecting theempty case of the primer through an aperture II in the said bar II. Thesaid bar II also compresses the spiral spring K, which, when this bar isreleased by the pulling of the trigger M, elfccts the return movement ofthe said bar and rapidly operates the firing-hammer.

\Vhat I claim is 1. In a breech-loadinggnn, the combination,

screw, firing mechanism carried by the said sliding bar, and connectingdevices between the said lever and sliding bar, whereby the cocking ofthe gun will be effected by the said lever in the operation of openingthe breech, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a breech-loading gun, the combination,

with a breech-screw having helical screwthreaded segments adapted toengage with corresponding segments in the breech, of a bracket orcarrier for the said breech-screw capable of swinging away from andtoward the breech about a vertical hinge-pin parallel to the rearsurface of the breech, a lever attached to the said breech-screw,whereby the latter is turned about its axis to disengage and withdraw itfrom or insert and lock it in the breech and is swung with the saidbracket or carrier about the hinge-pin of the latter to open or closethe breech, a sliding bar working in a transverse groove in thebreechscrew, firing mechanism carried by .the said sliding bar, anejector pivoted to the breech,- and connecting devices between the saidlever and sliding bar and between the said sliding bar and the ejector,whereby the cocking of the gun and the ejection of the empty cartridge-shell will be effected by the said lever in the operation ofopening the breech, substantially as set forth.

8. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the breech-screw, of abar fitted to slide in a groove in the rear end thereof, a firing hammerpivoted to the said breech-screw and connected with the said bar byatoothed segmentand raek,so.that when the bar is moved endwise it willturn the hammer about its pivot, a lever pivoted tothe breech-screw foroperating the said bar to cook the hammer, a scar for retaining the saidbar and hammer in the cocked position, and a spring for effecting thereturn movement of the said bar when the said sear is disengaged,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

I 4. Inabrecch-loading gun,the combination, with the breech-screw, of abar H, fitted to slide in a groove in the rear end of the same andprovided with rack-teeth I, a firing-hammer J, having a toothed segmentJ geared with the said rack-teeth, a lever F for moving the said barendwise, a sear for retaining the said bar in the cooked position, and aspring for effecting the return movementot the said bar when the saidsear is disengaged, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a breech-loadinggun, the combination, with the breech-screw, of abar fitted to slide in a groove in the rear end thereof and providedwith a shoulder, a firing-hammer pivoted to the breech-screw andconnected with the said bar by a toothed segment and rack, so that itwillbe cocked by endwise movement thereof, a lever for moving the saidbar endwise, a sear for retaining the said bar in the cocked position, aspring for effecting the re- I turn movement of the said bar, and anextractor pivoted to the breech-screw and arranged to be operated by theshoulder on the said sliding bar, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

6. In a breech-loadin g gun, the combination, with the breech-screw, ofa bar fitted to slide in a groove in the rear end thereof and providedwith a shoulder, the operating-lever of the breech-screw arranged tomove the said bar endwise, firing mechanism carried by the said bar, andan extractor pivoted to the breech-screw and arranged to be operated bythe shoulder on the said sliding bar, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

7. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with a sliding bar fittedin a groove in the breech-screw and acted upon bya spring and tiringmechanism carried by the said sliding bar, of a lever F and cam G,pivoted to the breech-screw, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

S. In abreech-loading gun, the combination, with the lever foroperatingthe breech-screw, of a spring-catch for securing the said leverin position duringtheoperation of thebreechscrew and while the breech isopen, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a breech-loading gu'n, the combination, with the breech-screw ofthe operating-lever F, of the said breech-screw provided with theprojection N, and the spring pawl or catch 0, pivoted to the said breechscrew and adapted to engage with the said projection, substantially asand for theapurpose set forth.

10. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the breech-screw, ofthe bar II, fitted to slide in a groove in the rear end thereof andprovided with the part K of the casing, the part K of the said casingattached to the breech-screw and fitted to slide in the part IQ, aspring K, inclosed in the said casing, a lever or equivalent device forimparting endwise motion to the said bar, andafiring-hammer J, pivotedto the breech-screw and connected with the said bar, so that it will becooked in the en dwise movement of the same, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

11. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the breech-screw, ofthe bar H, fitted to slide in therearend thereof and provided with theshoulder H and the part K of the casing, the part K of, the saidcasingattached to the breech-screw and fitted to slide in the part K a springK, inclosed in the said casing, a lever or equivalent device for movingthe said bar endwise, and an ex- ICC tractor L, pivoted to thebreech-screw'and pro- I vided with a projection L with which theshoulder on the said bar is adapted to engage, substantially as and forthe purposes setforth.

12. In a breech-loading gun, the combination, with the breech-screw, ofthe bar H, fitted to slide in a groove in the rear end thereof IIO andprovided with the shoulder H thehole 11*, the rack-teeth I, and the partK of the. casin g, the part K of the said casing attached to thebreech-screw and fitted to slide on the part K a spring K, inclosed inthe said casing, a lever or equivalent device for moving the said barendwise, a firing-hammer J, piv- JEAN BAlTISTE GUS'IAVE ADOLlllE CANE'I.

'Witnesses:

J. L. RATHBONE, u. .T. PnEs'roN.

